關注醫械市場四大趨勢

    ●2007~2010年，全球(qiu)醫療器械(xie)市場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)售額年均增長(chang)率為12%以上(shang)；同(tong)期，全球(qiu)藥品市場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)售額年均增長(chang)率為5%左右(you)

　　●2006年，全球醫療器械市(shi)場銷售額(e)僅(jin)為藥品(pin)市(shi)場銷售額(e)的43%；2010年，兩(liang)大市(shi)場銷售額(e)比接近于1∶1

　　過去5年來(lai)，全球醫療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)市場(chang)發(fa)生了一些重要變化：其一，醫療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)市場(chang)的增(zeng)長速度明(ming)顯(xian)高于藥(yao)品市場(chang)；其二，醫療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)市場(chang)寡頭主(zhu)導的局(ju)面越(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)明(ming)顯(xian)；其三，醫療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)與藥(yao)物結合(he)得更(geng)加緊密(mi)；其四，數(shu)字(zi)化技(ji)術在(zai)醫療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)中的推廣應用(yong)迅猛發(fa)展。

　　器(qi)械(xie)與藥品“平(ping)分秋色(se)”

　　據國外統計(ji)，2007年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)球(qiu)醫療(liao)器(qi)械市(shi)場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)額超過3000億(yi)美元(yuan)；2008年(nian)(nian)為3360億(yi)美元(yuan)；2010年(nian)(nian)這一數字上升到3980億(yi)美元(yuan)。4年(nian)(nian)間，全(quan)球(qiu)醫療(liao)器(qi)械市(shi)場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)額年(nian)(nian)均增長(chang)率達到12%~13%；而同期(qi)全(quan)球(qiu)藥(yao)品市(shi)場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)額年(nian)(nian)均增長(chang)率僅在5%左右徘徊。2006年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)球(qiu)醫療(liao)器(qi)械市(shi)場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)額相當于藥(yao)品市(shi)場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)額的(de)43%；而2010年(nian)(nian)，兩大市(shi)場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)額幾乎(hu)是(shi)“平起(qi)平坐”。

　　寡頭主導局(ju)面愈(yu)加明顯

　　與(yu)我(wo)國醫(yi)療器(qi)械產業“多、小、散(san)”的(de)局(ju)面(mian)不同，目(mu)前發達國家醫(yi)療器(qi)械產業已形(xing)成明顯的(de)“寡頭(tou)統(tong)治(zhi)”局(ju)面(mian)，而全球(qiu)醫(yi)療器(qi)械市場也顯現出類似的(de)格局(ju)。

　　據歐洲(zhou)醫(yi)療(liao)器械行業(ye)協會統計，目前(qian)，25家(jia)(jia)醫(yi)療(liao)器械公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的銷(xiao)(xiao)售額(e)（其中(zhong)70%為總(zong)部設在美國的公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）合計占(zhan)全(quan)球醫(yi)療(liao)器械市場銷(xiao)(xiao)售總(zong)額(e)的60%以上。這25家(jia)(jia)醫(yi)療(liao)器械公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)按銷(xiao)(xiao)售額(e)排(pai)序(xu)依次(ci)是：1.強(qiang)生公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；2.通用醫(yi)療(liao)；3.西門子公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；4.美敦(dun)力公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；5.百(bai)特(te)器械公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；6.Covidien公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；7.飛利浦(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；8.波(bo)士頓科學公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；9.羅(luo)氏公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si) 10.Box公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；11.艾伯(bo)特(te)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；12.Stryker公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；13.Cardinal健康公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；14.奧林巴斯公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；15. 3M公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；16.Zimmer Holdings公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；17. St.Jude公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；18.SNN公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；19.貝(bei)克曼公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；20.Synthes 公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；21.Terumo公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；22.Fresenius公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；23.Alcon公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；24.Carestream公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)；25.CR Bard公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。

　　這(zhe)些公司(si)的主要產品(pin)涵蓋了心血管疾病治療器(qi)(qi)械（如血管支架、起(qi)搏器(qi)(qi)等）、成像診斷設(she)備、整形外科和矯形器(qi)(qi)械、手(shou)術器(qi)(qi)械、體外診斷產品(pin)和衛生材料等各領(ling)域。

　　數字技(ji)術(shu)應(ying)用勢不可擋

　　近年來(lai)，數字技術(shu)在(zai)醫(yi)療(liao)器械產(chan)品中(zhong)的(de)推廣應用速(su)度異常迅猛。一(yi)些科研(yan)人員采用藍牙技術(shu)改造現有的(de)醫(yi)療(liao)器械，使其升級換(huan)代成(cheng)為智能產(chan)品。

　　例如，以(yi)藍牙技術為平臺，科(ke)研(yan)人員研(yan)制出(chu)(chu)可(ke)(ke)將患者的(de)(de)(de)呼吸、脈(mo)搏、血(xue)壓(ya)、血(xue)氧飽和(he)度(du)、血(xue)糖指(zhi)數(shu)等(deng)各種(zhong)重要生(sheng)命體(ti)征數(shu)據通過一部專用手機遠程發(fa)送(song)至醫(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)電腦終端的(de)(de)(de)便攜(xie)式數(shu)字監(jian)護系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。這種(zhong)監(jian)護系(xi)統(tong)(tong)就(jiu)(jiu)像(xiang)一個“流動醫(yi)(yi)(yi)院(yuan)”，其改變了傳統(tong)(tong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)療模式，使得醫(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)“足不出(chu)(chu)院(yuan)”就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)(ke)隨(sui)時了解患者的(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)情變化(hua)，而患者也省去了到醫(yi)(yi)(yi)院(yuan)做檢查的(de)(de)(de)麻煩(fan)，并且這一系(xi)統(tong)(tong)也為“家(jia)庭病(bing)(bing)床”式疾(ji)病(bing)(bing)管理模式提供了前(qian)提。目前(qian)，類似的(de)(de)(de)基于藍牙技術研(yan)制的(de)(de)(de)新型便攜(xie)式數(shu)字監(jian)護儀已(yi)在美(mei)國(guo)等(deng)發(fa)達國(guo)家(jia)上市。

　　美國醫(yi)療(liao)器械生產商還將植入性(xing)胰島(dao)素泵與血糖自動分析傳感器相(xiang)結合，推出了“智(zhi)能(neng)型胰島(dao)素泵”。這種醫(yi)療(liao)器械能(neng)根據患者的(de)血糖情況(kuang)自行(xing)判斷(duan)是否需要開啟(qi)胰島(dao)素泵以(yi)及計(ji)算輸注劑量，從而(er)可避免糖尿病患者出現(xian)低血糖等(deng)危(wei)急情況(kuang)，使(shi)得治療(liao)更加及時、合理。而(er)此前(qian)市場上銷售的(de)植入性(xing)胰島(dao)素泵只能(neng)按照(zhao)醫(yi)生事先設定的(de)速(su)度恒(heng)定地(di)輸送治療(liao)藥物。

　　**認為(wei)，智能(neng)醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)器械中*重要的技術(shu)是嵌(qian)入式軟(ruan)件。今(jin)后(hou)，很多醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)器械產(chan)品在市場中的“命(ming)運”就將取決于(yu)其醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)軟(ruan)件的性能(neng)。而基于(yu)藍(lan)牙等(deng)數(shu)字技術(shu)的電子(zi)病歷等(deng)軟(ruan)件類醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)器械產(chan)品，有望**改變現有的醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)模式。

　　藥-械組(zu)合產品市場將提速

　　醫(yi)療器(qi)械產品的另一個主流趨勢是，醫(yi)療器(qi)械與藥品的聯系越來越緊密。而在(zai)上(shang)個世紀(ji)，醫(yi)療器(qi)械與藥品基本(ben)上(shang)是“各行其道”。

　　據歐洲有關醫(yi)療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)行業協(xie)會(hui)統計(ji)，目前(qian)，全球醫(yi)療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)市場上比較暢銷的藥(yao)-械(xie)組合產(chan)品有：1.預(yu)充(chong)式注射器(qi)(qi)，即事先(xian)在注射器(qi)(qi)中充(chong)入(ru)一定量(liang)的藥(yao)液（如胰(yi)島素、人(ren)生長激(ji)素、疫苗等(deng)），由于預(yu)充(chong)式注射器(qi)(qi)使用(yong)極為方便，因(yin)此很受醫(yi)護人(ren)員歡迎；2.藥(yao)物洗脫(tuo)血(xue)管支架(jia)；3.植入(ru)性胰(yi)島素泵；4.植入(ru)性長效緩釋宮內節育器(qi)(qi)（攜帶(dai)雌激(ji)素類藥(yao)物）；5.植入(ru)性骨(gu)科材(cai)料，如含有促骨(gu)細(xi)胞生長因(yin)子(zi)的人(ren)造骨(gu)關節、骨(gu)水泥等(deng)產(chan)品；6.含干細(xi)胞等(deng)生物工程(cheng)產(chan)品的植入(ru)性納米器(qi)(qi)械(xie)等(deng)。

　　**預計，今后幾年，藥-械組合產品(pin)將(jiang)成為全球醫療器(qi)械產業中非常重要的(de)一大(da)產品(pin)類別，其市場年均(jun)增長率將(jiang)超過(guo)20%。

　　積極(ji)應對  轉型(xing)升級

　　目前(qian)，我國(guo)醫(yi)療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)市場銷(xiao)售(shou)額僅相當于我國(guo)藥(yao)品(pin)市場的(de)11%~12%，市場還有很大(da)的(de)發(fa)展空間(jian)。然而，我國(guo)在(zai)新(xin)型(xing)醫(yi)療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)方(fang)面，與(yu)發(fa)達國(guo)家差距較大(da)；并且，我國(guo)80%的(de)醫(yi)療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)廠商均為(wei)年銷(xiao)售(shou)額僅幾百萬元的(de)小企業，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)大(da)多附加值較低(di)（如(ru)一(yi)次性輸液器(qi)(qi)、衛生(sheng)材料、醫(yi)用導管、普(pu)外科(ke)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)等）。雖然這些勞動密集(ji)型(xing)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)目前(qian)銷(xiao)路(lu)尚(shang)可，但其盈利空間(jian)必將逐(zhu)漸縮(suo)小，且來自越南和泰國(guo)等東(dong)南亞國(guo)家的(de)同質化(hua)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)壓力正在(zai)不斷加大(da)。因此(ci)，在(zai)激烈的(de)市場競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)中，我國(guo)醫(yi)療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)企業很可能即將面臨大(da)洗牌的(de)局面。為(wei)此(ci)，我國(guo)醫(yi)療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)行業應順應全球醫(yi)療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)市場的(de)發(fa)展趨勢，盡快合理地轉變生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)格局，瞄準產(chan)(chan)品(pin)發(fa)展的(de)新(xin)方(fang)向(xiang)，實(shi)現產(chan)(chan)業的(de)轉型(xing)升(sheng)級。