關注醫械市場四大趨勢

    ●2007~2010年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)球(qiu)醫(yi)療器械市場銷售額年(nian)(nian)均(jun)增長率為12%以上；同(tong)期，全(quan)球(qiu)藥(yao)品市場銷售額年(nian)(nian)均(jun)增長率為5%左右

　　●2006年(nian)，全球醫療器械市(shi)場(chang)銷(xiao)售額僅為藥品市(shi)場(chang)銷(xiao)售額的43%；2010年(nian)，兩大(da)市(shi)場(chang)銷(xiao)售額比接(jie)近于1∶1

　　過去5年來，全球醫(yi)療器械(xie)市(shi)場(chang)發生了一些重要變化：其(qi)一，醫(yi)療器械(xie)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)增長(chang)速度明(ming)顯(xian)高于藥(yao)品市(shi)場(chang)；其(qi)二，醫(yi)療器械(xie)市(shi)場(chang)寡頭主(zhu)導的(de)局面越來越明(ming)顯(xian)；其(qi)三，醫(yi)療器械(xie)與藥(yao)物(wu)結合(he)得更加緊(jin)密；其(qi)四，數字化技術(shu)在醫(yi)療器械(xie)中的(de)推(tui)廣應用(yong)迅(xun)猛發展(zhan)。

　　器械與(yu)藥品“平分秋色”

　　據(ju)國外(wai)統計，2007年(nian)，全(quan)球(qiu)醫(yi)療器(qi)械市(shi)場(chang)銷售(shou)(shou)(shou)額(e)超(chao)過3000億(yi)(yi)美元；2008年(nian)為3360億(yi)(yi)美元；2010年(nian)這一數字上(shang)升到(dao)3980億(yi)(yi)美元。4年(nian)間，全(quan)球(qiu)醫(yi)療器(qi)械市(shi)場(chang)銷售(shou)(shou)(shou)額(e)年(nian)均(jun)增(zeng)長(chang)率(lv)達到(dao)12%~13%；而同(tong)期(qi)全(quan)球(qiu)藥(yao)品(pin)(pin)市(shi)場(chang)銷售(shou)(shou)(shou)額(e)年(nian)均(jun)增(zeng)長(chang)率(lv)僅在5%左右徘徊。2006年(nian)，全(quan)球(qiu)醫(yi)療器(qi)械市(shi)場(chang)銷售(shou)(shou)(shou)額(e)相(xiang)當于藥(yao)品(pin)(pin)市(shi)場(chang)銷售(shou)(shou)(shou)額(e)的43%；而2010年(nian)，兩大市(shi)場(chang)銷售(shou)(shou)(shou)額(e)幾(ji)乎是“平(ping)起平(ping)坐”。

　　寡(gua)頭(tou)主(zhu)導(dao)局面愈加明顯(xian)

　　與我國醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)械產業“多(duo)、小、散”的(de)局(ju)面不同，目前發達國家醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)械產業已(yi)形成明顯(xian)(xian)的(de)“寡(gua)頭統治”局(ju)面，而全球醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)械市場也顯(xian)(xian)現(xian)出(chu)類似的(de)格(ge)局(ju)。

　　據歐洲(zhou)醫療(liao)器械行業協會統(tong)計，目前，25家醫療(liao)器械公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)銷售額(e)（其中70%為總部(bu)設在美(mei)國(guo)的(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)）合計占全球(qiu)醫療(liao)器械市場銷售總額(e)的(de)60%以上。這(zhe)25家醫療(liao)器械公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)按(an)銷售額(e)排序依次是(shi)：1.強(qiang)生公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；2.通(tong)用醫療(liao)；3.西門子公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；4.美(mei)敦力公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；5.百特器械公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；6.Covidien公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；7.飛(fei)利浦公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；8.波士頓科學(xue)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；9.羅氏公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si) 10.Box公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；11.艾(ai)伯特公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；12.Stryker公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；13.Cardinal健康公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；14.奧林巴(ba)斯公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；15. 3M公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；16.Zimmer Holdings公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；17. St.Jude公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；18.SNN公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；19.貝克曼(man)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；20.Synthes 公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；21.Terumo公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；22.Fresenius公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；23.Alcon公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；24.Carestream公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)；25.CR Bard公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)。

　　這(zhe)些公司的(de)主要產品(pin)涵蓋了心血管疾病(bing)治療器(qi)械（如血管支架、起搏(bo)器(qi)等）、成像診(zhen)斷設(she)備、整(zheng)形外科和矯(jiao)形器(qi)械、手(shou)術器(qi)械、體外診(zhen)斷產品(pin)和衛(wei)生(sheng)材(cai)料等各領域。

　　數(shu)字技術應用勢不(bu)可擋

　　近(jin)年來，數字技術在醫療器械產(chan)品中(zhong)的(de)(de)推廣應用(yong)速度異常迅猛。一些(xie)科研人(ren)員采用(yong)藍(lan)牙技術改(gai)造現有的(de)(de)醫療器械，使其升級(ji)換代成為智(zhi)能產(chan)品。

　　例如，以藍牙技(ji)術為(wei)平臺，科研人員研制出可(ke)將患者的(de)呼吸(xi)、脈搏、血(xue)壓(ya)、血(xue)氧飽和度、血(xue)糖指數等各種重要生命體征數據通過一(yi)(yi)部專用手(shou)機遠程(cheng)發(fa)送(song)至醫(yi)(yi)生電腦終(zhong)端的(de)便(bian)攜式數字監(jian)護(hu)系統(tong)。這種監(jian)護(hu)系統(tong)就(jiu)像一(yi)(yi)個“流(liu)動醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)”，其改變(bian)了(le)傳統(tong)醫(yi)(yi)療模(mo)式，使得醫(yi)(yi)生“足不出院(yuan)”就(jiu)可(ke)隨時了(le)解(jie)患者的(de)病情變(bian)化，而(er)患者也省去了(le)到醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)做檢(jian)查的(de)麻煩(fan)，并且這一(yi)(yi)系統(tong)也為(wei)“家庭病床”式疾(ji)病管理模(mo)式提供(gong)了(le)前提。目前，類似的(de)基于藍牙技(ji)術研制的(de)新型便(bian)攜式數字監(jian)護(hu)儀已在美國(guo)等發(fa)達國(guo)家上(shang)市。

　　美(mei)國醫療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)生產(chan)商還將植入(ru)性(xing)胰島(dao)(dao)素(su)(su)泵與(yu)血糖(tang)(tang)自動分析(xi)傳感(gan)器(qi)相結合，推(tui)出(chu)了“智能(neng)(neng)型胰島(dao)(dao)素(su)(su)泵”。這種醫療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)能(neng)(neng)根據患者的(de)血糖(tang)(tang)情況自行判斷是(shi)否需要(yao)開啟胰島(dao)(dao)素(su)(su)泵以(yi)及(ji)計算輸注劑(ji)量(liang)，從而(er)可(ke)避免糖(tang)(tang)尿病(bing)患者出(chu)現(xian)低血糖(tang)(tang)等危急情況，使得(de)治療(liao)更加(jia)及(ji)時(shi)、合理。而(er)此前市場(chang)上銷售的(de)植入(ru)性(xing)胰島(dao)(dao)素(su)(su)泵只能(neng)(neng)按照醫生事先設定的(de)速度(du)恒定地輸送(song)治療(liao)藥物。

　　**認為，智(zhi)能(neng)醫療(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)械中(zhong)*重(zhong)要的技術(shu)是嵌(qian)入(ru)式軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)。今后，很(hen)多(duo)醫療(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)械產(chan)品在市場(chang)中(zhong)的“命(ming)運”就將取決于(yu)其(qi)醫療(liao)(liao)(liao)軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)的性(xing)能(neng)。而基于(yu)藍牙等數字(zi)技術(shu)的電子病歷等軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)類醫療(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)械產(chan)品，有望(wang)**改變現有的醫療(liao)(liao)(liao)模式。

　　藥-械組合產品市(shi)場(chang)將提速

　　醫(yi)療器械(xie)產(chan)品的另一個(ge)主流趨(qu)勢(shi)是(shi)，醫(yi)療器械(xie)與(yu)(yu)藥(yao)品的聯系(xi)越(yue)來越(yue)緊密。而在上(shang)個(ge)世紀，醫(yi)療器械(xie)與(yu)(yu)藥(yao)品基本上(shang)是(shi)“各行其道(dao)”。

　　據歐洲有關(guan)(guan)醫(yi)療(liao)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)行(xing)業協(xie)會統計，目前，全球醫(yi)療(liao)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)市場(chang)上(shang)比(bi)較暢銷的(de)(de)藥(yao)-械(xie)組合產品有：1.預充(chong)式注射器(qi)(qi)，即事先(xian)在注射器(qi)(qi)中充(chong)入(ru)一(yi)定(ding)量的(de)(de)藥(yao)液（如(ru)胰(yi)島素(su)(su)、人(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)長激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)、疫苗等），由(you)于預充(chong)式注射器(qi)(qi)使用極為方便，因此很受醫(yi)護人(ren)員歡迎；2.藥(yao)物洗(xi)脫(tuo)血管支架(jia)；3.植入(ru)性胰(yi)島素(su)(su)泵(beng)；4.植入(ru)性長效緩(huan)釋宮內(nei)節育(yu)器(qi)(qi)（攜(xie)帶雌激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)類藥(yao)物）；5.植入(ru)性骨(gu)科材(cai)料(liao)，如(ru)含有促骨(gu)細胞(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)長因子的(de)(de)人(ren)造骨(gu)關(guan)(guan)節、骨(gu)水泥等產品；6.含干細胞(bao)等生(sheng)(sheng)物工(gong)程產品的(de)(de)植入(ru)性納米器(qi)(qi)械(xie)等。

　　**預計，今后(hou)幾年(nian)，藥-械組合(he)產品(pin)將(jiang)(jiang)成為全球醫療器(qi)械產業中非(fei)常重要的(de)一大產品(pin)類別，其市(shi)場年(nian)均增長率將(jiang)(jiang)超過20%。

　　積(ji)極應對(dui)  轉型(xing)升級

　　目前，我國(guo)醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)市(shi)場銷售額(e)僅相當于(yu)我國(guo)藥品市(shi)場的11%~12%，市(shi)場還有(you)很大(da)(da)的發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)空(kong)間(jian)。然而，我國(guo)在(zai)(zai)新型醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)方面(mian)，與發(fa)(fa)達國(guo)家(jia)(jia)差距較大(da)(da)；并且，我國(guo)80%的醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)廠商均為年銷售額(e)僅幾百萬元的小(xiao)企業(ye)(ye)，產(chan)品大(da)(da)多附加值較低(di)（如(ru)一次性輸液(ye)器(qi)(qi)、衛生材料、醫(yi)用導管、普(pu)外(wai)科器(qi)(qi)械(xie)等）。雖然這些勞動密集型產(chan)品目前銷路尚(shang)可(ke)，但其盈利空(kong)間(jian)必將逐漸縮小(xiao)，且來(lai)自越(yue)南和泰國(guo)等東南亞國(guo)家(jia)(jia)的同質(zhi)化競爭壓(ya)力正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)不斷加大(da)(da)。因此，在(zai)(zai)激烈(lie)的市(shi)場競爭中，我國(guo)醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)企業(ye)(ye)很可(ke)能(neng)即將面(mian)臨大(da)(da)洗(xi)牌的局(ju)面(mian)。為此，我國(guo)醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)行業(ye)(ye)應順應全(quan)球醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)械(xie)市(shi)場的發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)趨(qu)勢，盡快(kuai)合理(li)地轉變生產(chan)格局(ju)，瞄準(zhun)產(chan)品發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的新方向(xiang)，實現產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的轉型升級。